The greenhouse effect

The sun emits radiation. Since it only a share of 50% reach on Earth. 20% absorbed by clouds, while the remaining 30% is reflected back into space. Preserving the Earth's surface at a constant temperature is a result of the energy balance between incoming solar radiation and energy radiated by the Earth. The increased concentration of carbon dioxide and other gases such as: Water vapor (evaporated water), ozone (a secondary pollutant formed in the atmosphere by a series of photochemical reactions), methane (rice, livestock, landfills), chlorofluorocarbons (various sprays, refrigerants) and oxides of nitrogen (fertilizers, deforestation) released by human activities trap larger amounts of heat. Certain gases in the atmosphere are maintained for many years and have multiple effects than carbon dioxide. Since these gases as carbon dioxide contribute to global warming by 60%. Trapping of radiation in the atmosphere is a key result of the underlying warming. Studies have shown that in the last century the average temperature of Earth has increased by half a point with a corresponding increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide by 20%. If the rate of oil consumption continues to increase globally by 2% each year, the Earth's temperature will increase leading to: To melt the ice at the poles, raise the sea level, the coastal areas to be covered by water and large masses of people to move to higher areas. As a result of climate change, that change of pace and intensity of rainfall, intensification of the winds in the presence of tornadoes, sudden changes in temperature and humidity, movement of farmland and rural respective periods. Changes in the way of movement of water masses in the oceans, resulting in some regions, like Europe to become more bleak. Alongside the tropical rains will increase in Ecuador. Changes in proliferation zones of flora and fauna, with unpredictable consequences for biodiversity and humans. The problem of global warming has alarmed the international community. So in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1992 for the 166 countries that participated in it, to stabilize the emission of pollutant gases at 1990 levels by 2000. The next conference in Kyoto, Japan put new restrictions on carbon dioxide emissions by 2015. The burning of oil is the main factor of air pollution. Main sources of fuel oil and thus pollution are industry vehicles and heating. What measures should be taken every citizen to reduce greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to increasing greenhouse gases: 1. LIGHTING Using natural as possible instead of artificial lighting during the day. Replace common light bulbs with energy saving lamptirtes. Clear bulbs in unused rooms. Maintain low indoor lighting at night. Minimize outdoor lighting and installation of automation anavosvisimatos. Remove bulbs from light fixtures generous. Replacing light bulbs low efficiency (eg lamps) with more efficient lamps (eg fluorescent). Install the outdoor lights to be powered by the sun, called, Solar garden lights. 2.THERMANSI HOT WATER With a solar water heater and overcast days with an electric current through the thermostat. With a heat pump consumes three times less power than a common water heater. The thermostat of the water heater or heat pump can not set higher than 60 0C. 3. CENTRAL HEATING To act together thermostat and weather compensator. Cleaning the boiler and burner adjustment once a year before being put into service. Loading progressive four-electrode valve operation with electronic control that ensures a reduction in oil consumption by 30%. Good boiler and pipe insulation to minimize losses. Replacing old frames with new insulated housing. 4. COOLING To use green liquids in refrigerators and air conditioners. Regulated entities to their internal thermostats for air conditioning so the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor shall not exceed 10 0C. The central cooling plant to use solar refrigerators. They coordinated with the sun and the more sunshine there is so much more chilled water production. 5. TRAVEL Avoiding unnecessary movements and should be trying the workplace is near the place of residence. Travel by public transport. Minimal as possible using the private car and filled with great people. For short distances using a single bicycle, electric bicycle or moped. 6. RECYCLING Metals, glass, plastic, paper, construction and many other materials require large amounts of energy to produce. This implies emission of pollutants, which reinforces the greenhouse effect. All these materials contain energy must be collected at source to be recycled and reused. It should also reduce excess production and consumption to reduce the volume of waste material. 7. WATER The collection, storage and use of water on the roof of our homes is an act that saves water and energy as water is pumped from the City and consumes energy charge to the greenhouse effect. 8.ANANEOSIMES ENERGIES Using solar and wind energy: In cottages situated away from the grid. In small factories connected with the PPC. In homes and small boats. Using geothermal energy for heating hot water spas, greenhouses, etc. 9. BUILDINGS Building orientation in the plot to take advantage of sunlight and air masses. Good thermal insulation of external walls. Proper design of the external frames that take into account the natural lighting and insulation of the building. Construction of underground rainwater storage tank. Planting in the vicinity of the building deciduous trees on the south side and evergreen in the north. All these relate to individual obligations of each one of us. But to save the planet Earth, and be aware of our rulers. For responsibilities and obligations we will refer to our next article.